Though a comparatively tiny vessel whose foundering during a gale off
notorious Cape Hatteras, Virginia on new year’s eve, 1862, taking
sixteen of her crew down with her, was barely noticed by the press at
the time, the sinking spelled a tragic end to one of the most
revolutionary ships of its era. The brainchild of a little known naval
engineer by the name of John Ericsson, the Monitor, in being the first
all-metal, turreted warship in history, became the prototype for what
would become the standard for warship design for the next century and a
half. Derisively called a “cheesebox on a raft” by both sides, the
little ship changed the face of naval warfare forever when it battled
the South’s own ironclad warship, the CSS Virginia, to a draw off
Hampton Roads, Virginia in March of 1862. While the battle did little to
affect the outcome of the war, it signaled the end of wooden sailing
vessels with fixed cannons and initiated the age of steam-driven,
ironclad warships with revolving turrets, making the battle—and the
ship—one of the most important in history. The ship’s precise location
remained unknown for over a century until it was located 16 miles off
the Virginia coast in 1973, after which is was designated a national
historic landmark, making it off-limits to divers and salvagers.
Eventually, however, the government gave authorization for elements of
the ship to be brought to the surface, resulting in the recovery of its
massive steam engine and, in 2002, its revolutionary turret. The site is
now under the supervision of NOAA, with many artifacts from the ship,
including her turret, cannon, propeller, anchor, engine and some
personal effects of the crew, being put on display at the Mariners’
Museum of Newport News, Virginia.